Сочинения по английскому языку: Feodor Dostoyevsky

A profound psychologist and philosopher, Dostoyevsky depicted with remarkable insight the depth and complexity of the human soul. His powerful though generally humorless narrative style, his understanding of the intricacies of character, especially the pathological conscience, and his interest in sin and redemption made him a giant among novelists.

Dostoyevsky was born and raised in Moscow. His father, a military surgeon and an alcoholic of despotic temperament, was brutally killed by his own serfs. This event haunted Dostoyevsky all his life and perhaps accounts in part for the preoccupation with murder and guilt in his writings. Dostoyevsky attended military engineering school in St. Petersburg but soon abandoned this career for writing.

His first published work, Poor Folk (1846), which brought him immediate critical and public recognition, reveals his characteristic compassion for the downtrodden. At about this time Dostoyevsky became involved with a group of radical Utopians. The discovery of their illegal printing press brought about their arrest. Dostoyevsky was sentenced to four years in a Siberian penal colony. During this period he suffered great physical and mental pain, including repeated attacks of epilepsy. He abandoned his belief in the liberal, atheistic ideologies of Western Europe and turned wholeheartedly to religion and to the belief that Orthodox Russia was destined to be the spiritual leader of the world. After several years of obligatory military service in Siberia, he was allowed to return to St. Petersburg.

Dostoyevsky joined his beloved brother Mikhail in editing the magazine Time, which serialized The Insulted and The Injured (1861 -1862) and the record of his experience in the penal colony, The House of the Dead (1862). Notes from the Underground (1864), a detailed study of neurotic suffering, began the greatest period of Dostoyevsky's literary career. Crime and Punishment, a brilliant portrait of sin, remorse, and redemption through sacrifice, followed in 1866. His next novel, The Idiot (1868), concerns a Christ figure, a meek and noble man whose effect on those around him is tragic. The Possessed (1871-1872) is a violent denunciation of the leftists and revolutionaries that Dostoyevsky had previously admired. This theme is central to the enormously complex plot and character development of his masterpiece, The Brothers Karamazov (1879-1880), generally thought to be one of the finest novels ever written.

Dostoyevsky died of a lung hemorrhage complicated by an attack of epilepsy.

Перевод текста: Feodor Dostoyevsky

1. Достоевский знаменит проникновенным психологическим анализом глубокой и сложной человеческой души.
2. Он понимал тонкости характера и особенно патологического сознания.
3. Он также знаменит вниманием, которое он проявлял в своих произведениях к убийству и преступлению (вине), греху и раскаянию.
4. Его книги отражают сочувствие к угнетенным и часто представляют из себя подробный отчет о моральных страданиях.
5. Он часто страдал от физической боли и психический болезней, в том числе от приступов эпилепсии.
6. Для его книг характерно сложное развитие сюжета и характеров.
7. Достоевский издавал журнал, который печатал его произведения частями.
 

1. Dostoevsky is famous for his profound psychological analysis of the depth and complexity of the human soul.
2. He understood the intricacies of character, especially of pathological conscience.
3. He is also famous for his preoccupation with murder and guilt, sin and remorse in his writings.
4. His books reveal compassion for the downtrodden and are often a detailed study of moral suffering.
5. He often suffered great physical pain and mental diseases, including attacks of epilepsy.
6. His books are characterised by complex plot and character development.
7. Dostoevsky edited a magazine which serialised some of his books.